| 摘要: |
| 现今功能性训练的研究大多处于形而下的具象层面，无法找到自身生存和发展的去向。对功能性训练研究进行形而上的“哲学深思”有助于功能性训练理论体系的建构，并为其实践指明方向。从本体论维度分析，介绍了功能性训练来源于理疗师针对运动损伤提出的动作练习康复方案。认为动作是功能性训练的“灵魂”，提升动作表现是功能性训练的本质。从认识论维度分析，认为功能性训练用整体性、联系性、对立统一性的哲学辩证思想看待身体运动。通过分析和关联、复演和重构，将经验升级为知识；通过从内化到外化两个阶段真正获取与利用知识。从价值论维度分析，认为应让身体回归，尊重身体在运动中的主体地位；坚持用发展的、变化的、动态的视角看待身体运动，注重运动的可持续性，将身体健康摆在首位。从方法论维度分析，认为应扎根于现实世界，注重理论与实践的结合；坚持继承与创新的辩证统一思想，处理好功能性训练与传统训练、引进与吸收的关系；坚持走“跨学科”发展之路，积极推进与其他学科的有效融合和多元交叉。以此构建与完善功能性训练的理论结构体系。 |
| 关键词: 功能性训练 哲学 动作表现 身体运动 本体论 认识论 价值论 方法论 |
| DOI： |
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| Philosophy Thinking of Research on Functional Training |
| TIAN Junlong |
| (Graduate School, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Nowadays, research on functional training is mostly in the physical concrete level, unable to find the survival and development direction. Metaphysical “philosophical reflection” on the research of functional training helps to construct the theoretical system of functional training and points out the direction for its practice. From the perspective of ontology, this paper introduces that functional training comes from the action training rehabilitation program proposed by physical therapists for sports injuries. Action is the soul of functional training, and improving the action performance is the essence of functional training. From the perspective of epistemology, this paper holds that functional training treats body movement with the philosophical dialectical thought of integrity, connection and unity of opposites. Experience is upgraded to knowledge by analysis and correlation, recurrence and reconstruction. We can truly acquire and utilize knowledge through the two stages from internalization to externalization. From the perspective of axiology, we think that we should let the body return and respect the dominant position of the body in sports. Adhere to the developing, changing and dynamic perspective of physical exercise, pay attention to the sustainability of sports and put health in the first place. From the perspective of methodology, we think that we should take root in the real world and pay attention to the combination of theory and practice. We should adhere to the dialectical unity of inheritance and change, and deal with the relationship between functional training and traditional training, introduction and absorption. Uphold the road of “interdisciplinary” development, and actively promote the effective integration and multiple cross with other disciplines. The purpose is to build and improve the theoretical structure system of functional training. |
| Key words: functional training philosophy action performance body movement ontology epistemology axiology methodology |
