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| 男子短跑运动员髋、膝关节等速肌力的特征及其与竞技表现的相关性 |
| 王新娜,王泽峰,杨贤罡,何文捷,李建新 |
| (河北体育学院,石家庄 050041;国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京 100061;河北省体育科学研究所,石家庄 050031;国家体育总局体育信息中心,北京 100061) |
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| 摘要: |
| 目的:揭示不同水平男子短跑运动员髋、膝关节力矩的特点及其与竞技表现之间的关系。方法:选取13名男子短跑运动员 (6名一级运动员和7名二级运动员),采用ISOMED2000等速肌力系统测试运动员髋、膝关节屈、伸肌的向心等速肌力。结果:①全体运动员右侧髋关节屈肌在60°/s 时的相对峰力矩与个人最好成绩之间呈显著负相关 (r=-0.615,P＜0.05);②一级运动员双侧髋关节屈肌在60°/s和180°/s时的相对峰力矩均显著高于二级运动员 (P＜0.05);③一级运动员左侧髋关节屈肌在60°/s和180°/s时的峰力矩对应角度显著小于二级运动员 (P＜0.05);④全体运动员髋关节的屈伸肌峰力矩比值在60°/s和180°/s时分别为0.50-0.52和0.48-0.51,低于膝关节相对应的0.60-0.61和0.67-0.70。结论:快速有力的屈髋前摆可能是区分短跑运动员水平的关键因素;相比膝关节,髋关节更应作为短跑运动员力量发展的重点;加强屈髋肌群的力量训练,可能是短跑运动员提高100米成绩和预防损伤的有效途径。 |
| 关键词: 短跑运动员 屈髋肌群 相对峰力矩 峰力矩对应角度 屈伸肌峰力矩比值 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费课题 (基本16-48) |
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| Characteristics of Isokinetic Muscle Strength of Hip and Knee Joints of Male Sprinters and Its Correlation with Competitive Performance |
| WANG Xinna,WANG Zefeng,YANG Xiangang,HE Wenjie,LI Jianxin |
| (Hebei Sport University, Shijiazhuang 050041 , China;China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing 100061 , China;Hebei Institute of Sport Science, Shijiazhuang 050031 , China;China Institute of Sport Information Center, Beijing 100061 , China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objectives: This paper reveals the characteristics of hip and knee torque of male sprinters at different levels and its relationship with competitive performance. Methods: Thirteen male sprinters (6 firstclass athletes and 7 secondclass athletes) were selected to test the centripetal isokinetic muscle strength of hip and knee flexors and extensors by using ISOMED2000 isokinetic muscle strength system. Results: ①There was a significant negative correlation between the relative peak torque of right hip flexor at 60°/ s and personal best performance (r=-0615, P＜005);②The relative peak torque of bilateral hip flexors in firstclass athletes at 60°/ s and 180°/ s was significantly higher than that in secondclass athletes (P＜005);③The corresponding angle of peak torque of left hip flexor in firstclass athletes at 60°/ s and 180°/ s was significantly lower than that in secondclass athletes (P＜005); ④ At 60°/ s and 180°/ s, the peak torque ratios of flexor and extensor muscles of all athletes’ hip joints were 050-052 and 048-051 respectively, which were lower than the corresponding 060-061 and 067-070 of knee joints. Conclusion: Fast and powerful hip flexion and forward swing may be the key factor to distinguish the level of sprinters; compared with knee joint, hip joint should be the focus of strength development of sprinters; strengthening the strength training of hip flexor muscle group may be an effective way for sprinters to improve 100 m performance and prevent injury. |
| Key words: sprinter hip flexor muscle group relative peak torque corresponding angle of peak torque peak torque ratio of flexor and extensor |