| 摘要: |
| 目的:研究王宇在2019年重大赛事中的运动技术表现,获得关键运动学参数,对比世界级优秀男子跳高运动员的关键技术指标,探究王宇现阶段的技术特点,提出合理化的训练建议。 方法:运动现场拍摄法、视频图像解析法、专家访谈法和统计分析法。结果:①王宇助跑倒2步步长为2.16±0.06m,倒1步步长为1.95±0.04m,步长差值为0.21±0.05 m,倒2步步速为 7.63±0.16m/s, 倒 1 步步速为 7.51±0.17 m/s; ② 王宇起跳着地时的水平速度为 7.68± 0.18m/s,离地时的垂直速度为4.72±0.17m/s,助跑速度转化率为61.50±2.0%;③王宇起跳阶段 H1的值为 1.28±0.02 m,ΔH 的值为 0.38±0.02 m;④ 王宇起跳着地时膝关节角度为 162.44±2.40°,踝关节角度为126.78±3.07°;起跳离地时膝关节角度为165.78±3.19°,踝关节角度为139.56±3.28°;⑤王宇的腾起角度为48.79±1.86°,腾起初速度为6.33±0.21 m/s, 起跳距离为 1.20±0.24 m;⑥王宇过杆时头颈角度为 158.33±3.84°、胸腹角度为 129.67± 3.04°、膝关节角度为140.78±6.76°,过杆速度为4.11±0.12m/s。结论:与世界级优秀跳高运动员相比,王宇助跑速度偏快,助跑倒1步降速明显;起跳离地时的垂直速度偏慢,起跳腾起初速度偏慢,离地时的质心高度 H1较低,整个起跳过程中质心上升高度偏低;采用 “大背弓”的过杆姿态,过杆技术较好。现阶段在起跳技术、助跑速度的转化、起跳腿蹬伸力量、垂直弹跳等方面的技术和能力上还有待提高。 |
| 关键词: 王宇 男子跳高 关键技术 助跑 起跳 过杆技术 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费项目 (基本21-10) |
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| A Comparative Study on the Key Technical Indexes Between Chinese High Jumper Wang Yu and the World Elite High Jumpers |
| CHENG Hongren,YUAN Tinggang |
| (Graduate School, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079 , China;China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing 100061 , China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To study Wang [BF]Yu’s sports[BFQ] technical performance in major events in 2019, obtain key kinematic parameters, compare the key technical indexes of the world elite high jumpers, explore [BF]Wang Yu’s technical[BFQ] characteristics at this stage, and put forward reasonable training suggestions. Methods: The paper adopts methods of sports scene shooting, video image analysis, expert interview and statistical analysis. Results: ① The length of the last but one step of Wang [BF]Yu’s[BFQ] runup is 216±006 m, the length of the last step is 195±004 m, the step difference is 021±005 m, the speed of the last step but one is 763±016 m/s, and the speed of the last step is 751±017 m/s; ② Wang [BF]Yu’s [BFQ]horizontal speed was 768±018 m/s when taking off and landing, the vertical speed was 472±017 m/s when leaving the ground, and the conversion rate of runup speed was 6150±20%;③ In Wang [BF]Yu’s[BFQ] takeoff stage, H1 is 128±002 m and ΔH is 038±002 m; ④ When Wang Yu took off and landed on the ground, the knee angle was 16244±240 ° and the ankle angle was 12678±307 °; When he took off from the ground, the knee angle is 16578±319 ° and the ankle angle is 13956±328 °; ⑤ Wang Yu[DK]’s takeoff angle is 4879±186 °, the initial takeoff speed is 633±021 m/s, and the takeoff distance is 120±024 m; ⑥ When Wang Yu passed the pole, the head and neck angle was 15833±384 °, the chest and abdomen angle was 12967±304 °, the knee angle was 14078±676 °, and the speed was 411±012 m/s when he passed the pole. Conclusion: Compared with the worldclass elite high jumpers, Wang [BF]Yu’s[BFQ] runup speed is faster, and the speed of the last step of the runup decreases significantly; The vertical speed and the initial speed of takeoff, the centroid height H1 and the rising height of centroid during the whole takeoff process are low; The pole passing posture of arched position is adopted, and the pole passing technology is better. At present, the technology and ability of takeoff, transformation of runup speed, kicking and stretching strength of takeoff legs, vertical bounce and so on need to be improved. |
| Key words: Wang Yu [BF]men’s [BFQ]high jump key technique runup take off the pole passing technology |
